Is computer science required to graduate in Massachusetts?
No statewide course is required. A Massachusetts diploma rests on the Competency Determination plus local district rules, and the class of 2027 coursework list names English, maths, science and U.S. history only. But MassCore, the state-recommended program, lets an approved computer science course replace a maths or lab science unit. Modern Age Coders teaches those courses live online, from first Scratch projects to AP Computer Science Principles.
Massachusetts took a different road from the states that legislated a computer science course for every graduate. Its Department of Elementary and Secondary Education (DESE) wrote one of the earlier standalone K to 12 frameworks, the Digital Literacy and Computer Science (DLCS) framework of 2016, and then built incentives around it rather than a mandate: a teacher license, a reviewed curriculum guide, and a rule inside MassCore that treats a rigorous computer science course as a maths or science unit. DESE is also unusually candid about the gap that remains. Its own resource page says 82% of public high schools offer computer science while only 5.9% of public high school students take a foundational course. This page sets out those rules and numbers as DESE publishes them, adds the Code.org and College Board figures for the state, and finishes with a small Python project on Cambridge open data that any Bay State teenager can run.
Facts last verified 18 October 2026. Teaching is online; no Massachusetts branch is claimed.
Each pick lines up with a strand of the 2016 framework or a MassCore course; the free first lesson confirms the level.

The Computational Thinking strand made concrete: decomposition, patterns and step-by-step plans before any syntax.
See the syllabus
Typed Python from zero, then the Cambridge distance project and other work on Massachusetts open data.
See the syllabus
AP Computer Science Principles, course code 10019 on the MassCore substitute list, with the Create task and exam practice.
See the syllabus
Cleaning, joining and charting real public datasets, then a first model, with every number explained.
See the syllabusBrowse the course atlas for more than one hundred options and use the coding roadmap to check prerequisites.
The four we are known for
These run underneath everything above. Every one is live and online, placed by ability rather than by age, and the first class is free.

Python, web and AI projects where the learner still owns the thinking.
See the syllabus
Automate the work you already do, then let AI carry part of it.
See the syllabus
Train a model, read what it learned, and be able to say why it is wrong.
See the syllabus
Run AI coding agents on real work without losing control of the codebase.
See the syllabusThe state sets a floor, the Competency Determination, and each district adds its own requirements. Read from DESE on 18 October 2026.
| Rule | What DESE says |
|---|---|
| The two parts | Meet the Competency Determination (CD) standard and meet local graduation requirements |
| Legal basis | The Massachusetts Education Reform Law of 1993, G.L. c. 69, section 1D, established the CD requirement |
| Recent change | Voters approved a ballot question amending the CD in November 2024; the Board amended the CD regulations, 603 CMR 30.00, in May 2025 |
| Class of 2027 and beyond | Full credit in two years of English language arts, Algebra I and Geometry (or Integrated Math I and II), one year of Biology, Physics, Chemistry or Technology/Engineering, and one year of U.S. history |
| Computer science | Not on the state coursework list; a district may add it locally |
The Board adopted MassCore in 2007 and amended it in 2018. It asks for four units of English, four of maths, three of lab science, three of history, two of one world language, one of the arts and five more core courses.
DESE says a computer science course with rigorous mathematical or scientific content, aligned to the 2016 framework, can stand in for either a maths course or a laboratory science course within MassCore.
The DLCS pages list 10011 Computer Science Principles, 10012 Exploring Computer Science, 10019 AP Computer Science Principles and 10090 Computational Thinking and Problem Solving.
So the honest summary for a Massachusetts family is this: a student can graduate without computer science, but a student who takes an approved course can count it toward MassCore without giving up anything else. Whether a particular high school offers one of the four listed courses, and how the district records it, is a question for the school counselor; we do not issue school credit, and our classes sit alongside the school program rather than inside it.
The framework went out with a commissioner’s letter dated October 2016. It folded the 2008 Technological Literacy standards into Digital Literacy and added Computer Science alongside them.
| Strand | What the strand covers | How our classes meet it |
|---|---|---|
| Computing and Society | Safety, ethics, law and the social impact of technology | Every project ends with a short discussion of who the program serves and what data it touches |
| Digital Tools and Collaboration | Choosing and using tools, research, and working with others online | Shared code, version control with Git for teens, and peer review in class |
| Computing Systems | Devices, hardware, software, networks and troubleshooting | Students install, run and debug on their own machine, not only in a browser sandbox |
| Computational Thinking | Abstraction, algorithms, data, modeling and programming | The core of each course, from block puzzles at age eight to Java at sixteen |
DESE publishes quick reference guides by span. The early spans lean on digital citizenship and simple algorithms, and DESE adds suggested standards for each elementary grade.
Middle school is where DESE expects students to move into real programming and data. A separate suggested-standards document maps the span onto grades 6, 7 and 8.
High school standards are written as one span. DESE’s example course sequence runs from Exploring Computer Science through Computer Science Principles to more advanced work.
Massachusetts licenses DLCS teachers for grades 5 to 12 through the MTEL test, and DESE’s computer science page announces that a DLCS PreK-6 License is now available. A 2025 Massachusetts Curriculum Guide, reviewed for DESE by STEM Learning Design, sorts curricula into core and supplemental options for each grade span.
Three sources, three slightly different counts. Each is printed with its owner and year, because the definitions differ.
| School year | Share offering CS |
|---|---|
| 2018 to 2019 | 75% |
| 2019 to 2020 | 82% |
| 2020 to 2021 | 78% |
| 2021 to 2022 | 83% |
| 2022 to 2023 | No value published |
| 2023 to 2024 | 81.25%, which is 325 of 400 high schools |
| 2024 to 2025 | No value published |
| Measure | Massachusetts | Published by |
|---|---|---|
| High school students enrolled in CS | 23,127 of 292,428, or 7.91% | Code.org (2025), most recent participation tab |
| Public high schools offering CS | 82% | DESE, DLCS Implementation Resources |
| Public high school students in a foundational CS course | 5.9% | DESE, DLCS Implementation Resources |
| Schools with AP exams, 2023 | 464 | College Board, School Report of AP Exams by State |
| Schools with AP exams, 2024 | 463 | College Board, School Report of AP Exams by State |
Why do 7.91% and 5.9% both appear? They measure different things. DESE counts students in a foundational computer science course; the Code.org participation tab counts high school students enrolled in computer science against a national enrollment total from NCES. Neither is wrong, and we do not average them or pick a favourite. What both agree on is the shape of the problem: four in five high schools have a course on offer, and well under one student in ten is sitting in it.
Access and participation values come from Code.org (2025). 2025 State of AI + CS Education, read from its published data sheet; we quote the Massachusetts rows and do not republish the dataset. The 2023 to 2024 access figure is the latest Massachusetts year in that sheet.
Two public datasets, one formula. Students load Cambridge’s library points and the MassGIS rapid transit stops, then find the nearest station to every branch.
| Library | Nearest stop (line) | Our distance |
|---|---|---|
| Central Square Branch Library | Central (Red) | 0.17 km, about 0.11 mi |
| Cambridge Public Library | Harvard (Red) | 0.66 km, about 0.41 mi |
| O’Neill Branch Library | Davis (Red) | 0.69 km, about 0.43 mi |
| O’Connell Branch Library | Lechmere (Green) | 0.70 km, about 0.43 mi |
| Valente Branch Library | Union Square (Green) | 0.71 km, about 0.44 mi |
| Boudreau Branch Library | Porter (Red) | 1.24 km, about 0.77 mi |
| Collins Branch Library | Alewife (Red) | 2.17 km, about 1.35 mi |
The library layer holds 7 points with a site name and address. The stops layer holds 170 records across Green, Silver, Red, Orange and Blue, with 157 distinct station names because a few stations appear once per line.
Latitude and longitude are angles on a sphere, so students cannot subtract them like grid coordinates. They write a haversine function, test it on two known points, then loop over every library and keep the minimum.
Collins Branch sits more than 2 km from its nearest stop, and two of the seven answers are Green Line stations rather than Red. A straight line is also not a walking route: the river, rail yards and one-way streets all lengthen the real trip.
A line count worth checking
Grouping the 170 stop records by LINE gives Green 66, Silver 45, Red 27, Orange 16 and Blue 10, plus six records that carry two lines, such as GREEN/ORANGE. A student who sums the single-line counts and gets 164 has found the shared records; deciding how to count them is the real exercise.
The distances and counts above are ours, computed from one download on 17 October 2026. The City of Cambridge publishes its library layer under the Open Data Commons Public Domain Dedication and License v1.0; MassGIS describes its MBTA service as a public resource that anyone may use, and accepts no liability for errors. Neither agency checked our results, and the stop list can change.
From the Berkshires to the Cape, Massachusetts keeps one zone, America/New_York in the IANA database. Our teachers work from India, so the gap matters.
India runs 9 hours 30 minutes ahead of Massachusetts in summer and 10 hours 30 minutes ahead in winter, since India keeps a single fixed offset all year.
Clocks in Boston fall back on November 1, 2026 and spring forward on March 14, 2027. A family whose class sits at 5 pm Eastern keeps 5 pm; we move on our side.
Sessions are arranged outside the school day, in late afternoon, evening or weekend slots that you pick, and every confirmation is written in Eastern Time.
Grade bands are rough guides; a student’s first lesson sets the real starting rung.
Sequencing, loops and events in Scratch, plus plain-language AI literacy for curious younger students.
Scratch Coding for KidsAI Literacy for Kids (Ages 8 to 14)Python with turtle graphics and small games, or a first website, matching the 6-8 DLCS span.
Python and AI for KidsWeb Development for KidsJava or Python at depth, Git for collaboration, and data work on public Massachusetts layers.
Java for TeensGit & GitHub Course for TeensAP Computer Science A in Java, and models trained and tested on data the student understands.
AP Computer Science AAI and Machine Learning for TeensBecause the tool can be confidently wrong, and only someone who understands the method can tell.
Ask a chatbot for the closest T stop to a Cambridge branch library and it may answer in a second. It may also measure from the wrong address, ignore a station on another line, or treat degrees of longitude as if they were miles. A student who has written the distance function, and checked it against a known pair of points, can spot each of those errors.
This is what the Computing and Society and Computational Thinking strands ask for together: understand the algorithm, then judge the tool that runs it. Students who can do both use AI assistants to move faster on the parts they already understand, and slow down on the parts they do not.
Massachusetts left computer science as a choice; the students who choose it well are the ones who can question an answer as easily as they can produce one. The longer argument is in is coding still worth learning in 2026.
Massachusetts students spread from the Berkshire hills to the outer Cape; an online class reaches all of them without a commute.
Each session is taught in real time by a teacher who sees the student’s screen and code, so a stuck loop gets fixed in the moment, not in a forum thread.
Teachers know the four approved course codes and can pace a high schooler alongside a school CS Principles or Exploring Computer Science class. School assignments stay the student’s own work.
Groups of fifteen to twenty students at a similar level, drawn from Massachusetts and other US states, so a ninth grader is not placed with beginners or experts by default.
A private teacher for students aiming at AP Computer Science A, a competition, or a project that does not fit a group syllabus.
Weekdays or weekends, flexible: choose your batch, or for a very personalised plan choose 1-on-1 at your convenience, weekend mornings or weekdays.
One complete lesson on a real task, then a written suggestion of level, course and time. Nothing to pay and no card requested at that stage.
Taught from India, online only
Modern Age Coders has no office or classroom in Massachusetts and does not claim one. Students join from home on a laptop or desktop with a microphone, speakers or headphones and a steady internet connection.
Three lines, all shown before you commit.
One full live lesson at no cost, ending with a recommended level, course and time slot.
A monthly fee for classes in a level-matched batch of fifteen to twenty students.
A monthly fee for the same number of classes taught one to one.
Every US family is billed the same rate in US dollars, whether the student lives in Worcester or on Nantucket. Nothing is charged until after the free lesson, once you have agreed the course and the schedule; the pricing page covers breaks and missed sessions.
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Tell us the grade and the goal. A fourth grader might start with a block puzzle, a ninth grader with a first Python function, a junior with the Cambridge library distance project.
Answers drawn from DESE, College Board and Code.org pages, read in October 2026.
No statewide course. DESE says a diploma requires the Competency Determination plus local graduation requirements, and the class of 2027 coursework list covers English, maths, science and U.S. history only. A district can add its own rules.
Yes. DESE says a computer science course with rigorous mathematical or scientific concepts, aligned to the 2016 DLCS framework, can substitute for either a mathematics course or a laboratory science course in MassCore.
DESE lists 10011 Computer Science Principles, 10012 Exploring Computer Science, 10019 AP Computer Science Principles and 10090 Computational Thinking and Problem Solving.
The Digital Literacy and Computer Science framework of 2016, organised in four strands (Computing and Society, Digital Tools and Collaboration, Computing Systems, Computational Thinking) across the spans K-2, 3-5, 6-8 and 9-12.
DESE puts it at 82% of public high schools. The Code.org 2025 data shows 325 of 400 high schools, or 81.25%, for 2023 to 2024, the latest Massachusetts year in that sheet.
DESE reports 5.9% of public high school students in a foundational course. Code.org counts 23,127 of 292,428 high school students, or 7.91%, using a different definition and denominator.
No. Credit and MassCore substitutions are decided by the school district. Our classes add depth and project work alongside a school course, and anything a school grades stays the student's own work.
Weekdays or weekends, flexible: choose your batch, or for a very personalised plan choose 1-on-1 at your convenience. Times are quoted in Eastern Time, which in the IANA database is America/New_York.
US clocks fall back on November 1, 2026 and spring forward on March 14, 2027. India does not change, so the gap moves from 9 hours 30 minutes to 10 hours 30 minutes and back.
No. We have no premises anywhere in Massachusetts; every class is live online, taught from India, and a student joins from home with a computer and a reliable connection.
For the MassCore-listed AP course, see AP Computer Science Principles coaching, and for the Java exam, AP Computer Science A classes. Students building a profile outside school can browse computer science extracurriculars or train for USACO. To compare states, start at the United States hub.